Innovation: Create a Swale to direct the flow of water Swale is a for a drainage ditch, or sunken, marshy area or other slope on the property. Swales frequently run parallel to the road, especially in suburban and rural areas. Others form between properties where the land slopes. Sometimes plants, stones or boulders are arranged in the swale to direct water slowly away from the property, so it doesn’t wash out landscape soil. Cattails are popular for swales but plant only the native broad-leaved cattail (Typha latifolia). Some swales may need to be cleaned out periodically or they will get backed up and flood your property. A critical area for clean out is the culvert that runs under paved surfaces, such as a driveway, where debris can build

Sector/Industry Application: Health

Description: channel, mostly found in channel, mostly found in urbanized areas and used for the discharge of rainwater. Rainwater collected by the channels is often directed to Riversor other water sources. Drains serve a good purpose in preventing flooding, but when they lack covers, as it is the case for open drains, solid and domestic wastes collect in them and may lead to blockage. As a result, they become a threat to the people living in the surrounding areas. According to the information about the international distribution of open drains, the majority of them are found in middle and low-income countries. If the open drains are left unchecked, they become a health hazard to the neighboring population as they become a breeding ground for disease-causing parasites and other microorganisms. And when the rainy season begins, the open drains can rapidly spread water-borne diseases and infections Harmful Effects of Open Drains 1. Spread of diseases Control of water-related diseases depends on the effectiveness of removing excess surface and subsurface water. Health issues related to open drainages are broad and are reported as a result of exposure to agrochemicals, fecal waste, and water-related borne diseases. areas and used for the discharge of rainwater. Rainwater collected by the channels is often directed to Riversor other water sources. Drains serve a good purpose in preventing flooding, but when they lack covers, as it is the case for open drains, solid and domestic wastes collect in them and may lead to blockage. As a result, they become a threat to the people living in the surrounding areas. According to the information about the international distribution of open drains, the majority of them are found in middle and low-income countries. If the open drains are left unchecked, they become a health hazard to the neighboring population as they become a breeding ground for disease-causing parasites and other microorganisms. And when the rainy season begins, the open drains can rapidly spread water-borne diseases and infections. This article, therefore, seeks to further explain the dangers associated with open drains and possible solutions. Harmful Effects of Open Drains 1. Spread of diseases Control of water-related diseases depends on the effectiveness of removing excess surface and subsurface water. Health issues related to open drainages are broad and are reported as a result of exposure to agrochemicals, fecal waste, and water-related borne diseases.

Problem: Prevention of poor drainage systems